This research analyzes the Social Rehabilitation Model in Ecuador and its impact on the management of the prison system during the 2019-2023 period. The study arises as a response to a structural and multidimensional crisis characterized by critical levels of intra-prison violence and overcrowding which, by 2023, showed an excess of 3,707 inmates over the permitted capacity. The central objective is to investigate how the current management model affects the rehabilitative role and social reinsertion of persons deprived of liberty (PDL), in a context where state control has been weakened by systems of self-governance and the influence of organized crime groups. To support the analysis, a mixed methodology was employed, including surveys of 357 individuals with prison benefits and interviews with experts in security and human rights. Diagnostic results reveal that while inmates positively value the education and work axes, the impact of these programs is limited due to a lack of specialized personnel, deficient infrastructure, and an insufficient budget, representing only 7% of the total security cabinet budget. Furthermore, a lack of awareness exceeding 90% regarding the existence of job boards was identified, along with a labor discrimination rate reaching 83% in cities like Quito, pushing former convicts toward informal entrepreneurship. Consequently, the thesis proposes a new Management Model based on Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) to manage non-sovereign areas such as food, health, and technical training, optimizing efficiency without the State losing its guardianship of the system. This proposal is complemented by the application of alternative measures to incarceration to reduce overcrowding and a mixed classification system inspired by European models that prioritize dignity and gradual preparation for life in freedom.